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Fig. 5 | Zoological Letters

Fig. 5

From: First description of epimorphic development in Antarctic Pallenopsidae (Arthropoda, Pycnogonida) with insights into the evolution of the four-articled sea spider cheliphore

Fig. 5

Postlarval instar 1 of Pallenopsis hodgsoni. Stereomicroscopic images of cuticular autofluorescence (a) and Sytox-staining (b–e). White arrowheads mark the slit-shaped proctodeum underneath the cuticle of the anal tubercle. a Upper half: overview of egg batch with still enclosed hatching instars. Lower half: hatching instar in lateral view. Arrows highlight the ruptured egg membrane. b Lateral view. Note the distinctly separated podomeres of walking legs 1 and 2. c Ventral view. Asterisks highlight the developing ventral ganglia. d Anterior view. Black arrows indicate the four eye anlagen. The white arrow points at the minute primordium of walking leg 4. The developing podomeres of tarsus (7) and propodus (8) are separated in walking leg 1 and 2. Note that the main claw (9) of walking leg 2 is still pressed into the propodus in accordion-like manner. e Detail in ventral view. The palpal larval limb features three distinct podomeres, whereas delimitation of the two proximal podomeres in the ovigeral larval limb is not straightforward. Small black arrowheads trace the unarticulated cuticle that covers the distal portion of walking leg 2. Abbreviations: br – brain; ch – cheliphore; chp – chela palm; ff – fixed chela finger; mf – moveable chela finger; ovl – ovigeral larval limb; pal – palpal larval limb; pr – proboscis; sc – scape; wl – walking leg

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