Fig. 2

Outbreaks of gypsy moths and sampling using light traps on expressways. Macromoths, such as gypsy moths and oak silkmoths, were lured to commercial lights in August (a), which coincided with the peak time of tourism. Errors occasionally occur in the Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) System due to sensor jamming by moths (b). Photograph taken at the Kuromatsunai Interchange showing female gypsy moths aggregated on the window of a shop (c). Another photograph taken at the Motowanishi Parking Area showing the manpower needed to remove gypsy moths on the walls of toilet rooms (d). A high-power balloon light set in the back area of the Ikeda Interchange trapped more than 20,000 gypsy moths in only one night during the outbreak in 2009 in Tokachi district (e, f). See Fig. 1a for locations of (c)-(e). The photograph (a) taken at the base of Mt. Daisetsu in central Hokkaido was courtesy of Dr. H.J. Pflüger