Fig. 4

Effects of dscwo on the locomotor rhythm in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus under a light-dark cycle (LD) and in subsequent constant darkness (DD). The left and right panels show the double-plotted actograms and results of chi-square periodogram analysis, respectively. a: A representative control cricket treated with dsDsRed2, showing a clear nocturnal rhythm in LD and a free-running period slightly shorter than 24 h in the ensuing DD. b-d: Locomotor rhythms of crickets injected with dscwo in the abdomen (b) or compound eyes (c, d). Most treated crickets showed a nocturnal rhythm (b, d), but some showed diurnal rhythms (c), in LD. Some of the crickets became arrhythmic on transfer to DD (b, c), while the remaining crickets showed a free-running rhythm with a period longer than 24 h (d). Arrows indicate the day of transfer from LD to DD. White and black bars above the actograms indicate light (white) and dark (black) fractions, respectively. See text for details