From: Digit ratio in the common toad Bufo bufo: the effects of reduced fingers and of age dependency
Order | Sample size | Adult SVL | Specimen type | 2D:4D | References | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Family, Species | M | F | FL | FR | BL | BR | |||
Anura | |||||||||
Bufonidae | |||||||||
Bufo bufoa | 158 | 143 | F > M | Live | ns | ns | this study | ||
(−0.08) | (0.02) | ns | ns | ||||||
ns# | M < F# | (− 0.08) | (− 0.01) | this study | |||||
(0.15) | (−0.53) | ||||||||
Rhinella marina | 24 | 28 | F > M | Live | ns | ns | ns | ns | [27] |
R. marina | 14 | 5 | F > M | Live | ns | ns | ns | ns | [27] |
Craugastoridae | |||||||||
Craugastor bransfordii | 46 | 42 | F > M | Live | F < M | ns | ns | ns | [26] |
(0.62) | (0.12) | (0.33) | (0.1) | ||||||
Dendrobatidae | |||||||||
Oophaga pumilio | 40 | 44 | F = M | Live | ns | ns | F < M | F < M | [25] |
O. pumilio | 36 | 48 | F = M | Live | F < M | F < M | ns | ns | [26] |
(0.93) | (0.7) | (0.05) | (0.2) | ||||||
Leiopelmatidae | |||||||||
Leiopelma pakeka | F > M | Live | – | ns | – | ns | [24] | ||
Leptodactylidae | |||||||||
Engystomops pustulosus | 107 | 52 | F > M | M < F | M < F | ns | ns | [27] | |
Leptodactylus podicipinusb | 128 | 191 | F > M | Preserved | – | – | F < M | F < M | [5] |
Leptodactylus fuscusc | 24 | 25 | F = M | Live | – | – | ns | ns | [5] |
Ranidae | |||||||||
Pelophylax ridibundusc | 30 | 20 | F > M | Live | M < F | – | ns | – | [29] |
Caudata | |||||||||
Salamandridae | |||||||||
Salamandra salamandra | 35 | 31 | F > M | Preserved | ns | ns | ns | ns | [28] |
Triturus cristatus | 25 | 20 | F = M | Preserved | ns | ns | ns | ns | [17] |
(−0.18) | (−0.3) | (−0.2) | (−0.18) | ||||||
Ichthyosaura (Mesotriton) alpestris | 42 | 39 | F > M | Preserved | M < F | M < F | M < F | M < F | [17] |
(−0.34) | (−0.37) | (− 0.48) | (− 0.33) | ||||||
Lissotriton montandoni | 42 | 33 | F > M | Preserved | ns | ns | M < F | M < F | [17] |
(−0.01) | (− 0.03) | (− 0.26) | (−0.32) | ||||||
Lissotriton vulgaris | 42 | 41 | F > M | Preserved | ns | ns | M < F | M < F | [17] |
(−0.13) | (−0.03) | (− 0.4) | (− 0.29) |