Fig. 3
From: Bapx1 upregulation is associated with ectopic mandibular cartilage development in amphibians
3D reconstructions based on confocal laser scanning microscopy showing the effects of Ly-294,002 treatment on cranial cartilage morphology in Xenopus laevis larvae. Lateral view of ZO 10 (a, b) and ZO 17 (c, d) larvae with normal bapx1 expression (left column) and elevated bapx1 expression (right column). In Ly-294,002-treated specimen with increased bapx1 expression an ectopic cartilage develops within the mandibular arch lateral to the palatoquadrate. Depictions of X. laevis larvae in lateral view show the main differences between e normal and f perturbed development. In short, the processus muscularis is reduced in size and an ectopic cartilage arises lateral to the palatoquadrate after upregulation of bapx1. ch, ceratohyal; cm, Meckel’s cartilage; ec, ectopic cartilage; ir, infrarostral cartilage; pq, palatoquadrate; sp., suprarostral plate