ZooDiversity Web is a search and access website that provides an attractive and easy-to-use internet search engine and showcase for scientific papers published since 1984 in the English-language journal of the Zoological Society of Japan (Zoological Science). These papers include over 4,000 peer-reviewed articles on a great diversity of over 13,000 different species of animals.
Articles
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Citation: Zoological Letters 2023 9:17
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Variation in responses to photoperiods and temperatures in Japanese medaka from different latitudes
Seasonal changes are more robust and dynamic at higher latitudes than at lower latitudes, and animals sense seasonal changes in the environment and alter their physiology and behavior to better adapt to harsh ...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2023 9:16 -
A new species of cascade frog (Anura: Ranidae: Amolops) from central Yunnan, China
A new species of the genus Amolops, Amolops ailao sp. nov., is described from central Yunnan, China. The new species belongs to the A. mantzorum species group. Phylogenetic analyses based on the combination of mi...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2023 9:15 -
Morphological and radiological mapping of dental cusps in relation to spatial constraints on tooth shape of one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius)
A significant number of researches in veterinary study have been focused on dental structure; however, there are few on the orientation and identification of their cusps. Therefore, the present article aimed t...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2023 9:14 -
Progesterone initiates tendril formation in the oviducal gland during egg encapsulation in cloudy catshark (Scyliorhinus torazame)
The diverse reproductive strategies of elasmobranchs (sharks, rays, and skates) have attracted research attention, but the endocrine control of reproduction is still incompletely known in elasmobranchs. By lon...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2023 9:13 -
Scleral appearance is not a correlate of domestication in mammals
Numerous hypotheses try to explain the unusual appearance of the human eye with its bright sclera and transparent conjunctiva and how it could have evolved from a dark-eyed phenotype, as is present in many non...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2023 9:12 -
Bones and all: a new critically endangered Pantepui species of Stefania (Anura: Hemiphractidae) and a new osteological synapomorphy for the genus
The hemiphractid frog genus Stefania is one of the many ancient (near-) endemic lineages of vertebrates inhabiting the biodiverse Pantepui biogeographical region in the Guiana Shield Highlands of northern South A...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2023 9:11 -
The use of polarized light in the zonal orientation of the sandhopper Talitrus saltator (Montagu)
It is well known that the celestial polarization is used as a compass cue by many species of insects and crustaceans. Although it has been shown that the sandhopper Talitrus saltator perceives polarized light and...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2023 9:10 -
Photoreceptor genes in a trechine beetle, Trechiama kuznetsovi, living in the upper hypogean zone
To address how organisms adapt to a new environment, subterranean organisms whose ancestors colonized subterranean habitats from surface habitats have been studied. Photoreception abilities have been shown to ...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2023 9:9 -
Context-specific variation and repeatability in behavioral traits of bent-wing bats
Animals may show consistent among-individual behavioral differences over time and in different contexts, and these tendencies may be correlated to one another and emerge as behavioral syndromes. The cross-cont...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2023 9:8 -
New insights into the retinal microstructure-diurnal activity relationship in the African five-lined skink (Trachylepis quinquetaeniata) (Lichtenstein, 1823)
The retinae of diurnal vertebrates have characteristics. Most lizards are strictly diurnal, and their retinal morphology is still unknown.
Citation: Zoological Letters 2023 9:7 -
Type 1 vomeronasal receptor expression in juvenile and adult lungfish olfactory organ
Lungfish are the most closely related fish to tetrapods. The olfactory organ of lungfish contains lamellae and abundant recesses at the base of lamellae. Based on the ultrastructural and histochemical characte...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2023 9:6 -
Coelomocytes of the Oligochaeta earthworm Lumbricus terrestris (Linnaeus, 1758) as evolutionary key of defense: a morphological study
Metazoans have several mechanisms of internal defense for their survival. The internal defense system evolved alongside the organisms. Annelidae have circulating coelomocytes that perform functions comparable ...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2023 9:5 -
Origin of the propatagium in non-avian dinosaurs
Avian wings as organs for aerial locomotion are furnished with a highly specialized musculoskeletal system compared with the forelimbs of other tetrapod vertebrates. Among the specializations, the propatagium,...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2023 9:4 -
A review of the reproductive system in anuran amphibians
Reproductive biology is an important topic that is well explored in many vertebrates, but information about frogs’ reproductive mechanisms could be improved. Therefore, this review aims to provide organized an...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2023 9:3 -
Air–breathing behavior underlies the cell death in limbs of Rana pirica tadpoles
Amphibians shape their limbs by differential outgrowth of digits and interdigital regions. In contrast, amniotes employ cell death, an additional developmental system, to determine the final shape of limbs. Pr...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2023 9:2 -
Structural and immunohistochemical analysis of the cellular compositions of the liver of molly fish (Poecilia sphenops), focusing on its immune role
The liver of fish is considered an ideal model for studying the collaboration between environmental agents and the health state of the fish, where it gives good indications about aquatic ecosystem status. Ther...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2023 9:1 -
Gene transcriptional profiles in gonads of Bacillus taxa (Phasmida) with different cytological mechanisms of automictic parthenogenesis
The evolution of automixis – i.e., meiotic parthenogenesis – requires several features, including ploidy restoration after meiosis and maintenance of fertility. Characterizing the relative contribution of nove...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2022 8:14 -
Morphological evolution and diversity of pectoral fin skeletons in teleosts
The Teleostei class has the most species of the fishes. Members of this group have pectoral fins, enabling refined movements in the water. Although teleosts live in a diverse set of environments, the skeletal ...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2022 8:13 -
Morphology and morphometry of the inner ear of the dromedary camel and their influence on the efficiency of hearing and equilibrium
The inner ear morphology and size are linked to hearing and balance ability. The goal of this study was to determine the morphology and morphometrics of the dromedary camel's inner ear and how it influences he...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2022 8:12 -
Medaka, Oryzias latipes, egg envelopes are created by ovarian-expressed ZP proteins and liver-expressed choriogenins
The medaka (Oryzias latipes) egg envelope (chorion) is composed of three major glycoproteins, Zona Interna (ZI)-1, -2, and -3, that originate in the spawning female liver as the precursor proteins Choriogenin (Ch...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2022 8:11 -
Allogeneic testes transplanted into partially castrated adult medaka (Oryzias latipes) can produce donor-derived offspring by natural mating over a prolonged period
Generally, successful testis transplantation has been considered to require immune suppression in the recipient to avoid rejection of the transplanted tissue. In the present study, we demonstrate in medaka tha...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2022 8:10 -
Ancient rivers shaped the current genetic diversity of the wood mouse (Apodemus speciosus) on the islands of the Seto Inland Sea, Japan
The current distributions of organisms have been shaped by both current and past geographical barriers. However, it remains unclear how past geographical factors—currently cryptic on the sea floor—affected the...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2022 8:9 -
Midnight/midday-synchronized expression of cryptochrome genes in the eyes of three teleost species, zebrafish, goldfish, and medaka
Photoperiodic responses are observed in many organisms living in the temperate zones. The circadian clock is involved in photoperiodic time measurement; however, the underlying molecular mechanism for detectio...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2022 8:8 -
A new, widespread venomous mammal species: hemolytic activity of Sorex araneus venom is similar to that of Neomys fodiens venom
Venom production has evolved independently many times in the animal kingdom, although it is rare among mammals. Venomous shrews produce toxins in their salivary glands and use their venoms to hunt and store pr...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2022 8:7 -
An approach for elucidating dermal fibroblast dedifferentiation in amphibian limb regeneration
Urodele amphibians, Pleurodeles waltl and Ambystoma mexicanum, have organ-level regeneration capability, such as limb regeneration. Multipotent cells are induced by an endogenous mechanism in amphibian limb regen...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2022 8:6 -
A transcriptomic reevaluation of the accessory olfactory organ in Bichir (Polypterus senegalus)
Fish possess one olfactory organ called the olfactory epithelium (OE), by which various chemical substances are detected. On the other hand, tetrapods possess two independent olfactory organs called the main o...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2022 8:5 -
Gene expression alterations from reversible to irreversible stages during coral metamorphosis
For corals, metamorphosis from planktonic larvae to sedentary polyps is an important life event, as it determines the environment in which they live for a lifetime. Although previous studies on the reef-buildi...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2022 8:4 -
Ultrastructure of cerebral eyes in Oweniidae and Chaetopteridae (Annelida) – implications for the evolution of eyes in Annelida
Recent phylogenomic studies have revealed a robust, new hypothesis of annelid phylogeny. Most surprisingly, a few early branching lineages formed a basal grade, whereas the majority of taxa were categorized as...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2022 8:3 -
Linoleic acid as corpse recognition signal in a social aphid
Social insect colonies constantly produce dead insects, which cause sanitary problems and potentially foster deadly pathogens and parasites. Hence, many social insects have evolved a variety of hygienic behavi...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2022 8:2 -
Targeted deletion of liver-expressed Choriogenin L results in the production of soft eggs and infertility in medaka, Oryzias latipes
Egg envelopes (chorions) in medaka, Oryzias latipes, are composed of three major glycoproteins: ZI-1, − 2, and − 3. These gene-encoded chorion glycoproteins are expressed in the liver and/or ovarian oocytes of se...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2022 8:1 -
Hedgehog signaling controls mouth opening in the amphioxus
The left-sided position of the mouth in amphioxus larvae has fascinated researchers for a long time. Despite the fundamental importance of mouth development in the amphioxus, the molecular regulation of its de...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2021 7:16 -
Paedomorphosis in the Ezo salamander (Hynobius retardatus) rediscovered after almost 90 years
Although paedomorphosis is widespread across salamander families, only two species have ever been documented to exhibit paedomorphosis in Hynobiidae. One of these two exceptional species is Hynobius retardatus in...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2021 7:14 -
Detailed morphology of tentacular apparatus and central nervous system in Owenia borealis (Annelida, Oweniidae)
The Oweniidae are marine annelids with many unusual features of organ system, development, morphology, and ultrastructure. Together with magelonids, oweniids have been placed within the Palaeoannelida, a siste...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2021 7:15 -
The importance of being integrative: a remarkable case of synonymy in the genus Viridiscus (Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae)
There are two predominant sources of taxonomically useful morphological variability in the diverse tardigrade family Echiniscidae: the internal structure and surface sculpture of the cuticular plates covering ...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2021 7:13 -
Polymorphism in the symmetries of gastric pouch arrangements in the sea anemone D. lineata
Symmetry in the arrangement of body parts is a distinctive phylogenetic feature of animals. Cnidarians show both bilateral and radial symmetries in their internal organs, such as gastric pouches and muscles. H...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2021 7:12 -
The balance of crystalline and amorphous regions in the fibroin structure underpins the tensile strength of bagworm silk
Protein-based materials are considered versatile biomaterials, and their biodegradability is an advantage for sustainable development. Bagworm produces strong silk for use in unique situations throughout its l...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2021 7:11 -
The digestive tract as an essential organ for water acquisition in marine teleosts: lessons from euryhaline eels
Adaptation to a hypertonic marine environment is one of the major topics in animal physiology research. Marine teleosts lose water osmotically from the gills and compensate for this loss by drinking surroundin...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2021 7:10 -
Integrative taxonomy resolves species identities within the Macrobiotus pallarii complex (Eutardigrada: Macrobiotidae)
The taxonomy of many groups of meiofauna is challenging due to their low number of diagnostic morphological characters and their small body size. Therefore, with the advent of molecular techniques that provide...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2021 7:9 -
The formation of a hatching line in the serosal cuticle confers multifaceted adaptive functions on the eggshell of a cicada
Insect eggshells must meet various demands of developing embryos. These demands sometimes conflict with each other; therefore, there are tradeoffs between eggshell properties, such as robustness and permeabili...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2021 7:8 -
Structure of a hinge joint with textured sliding surfaces in terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea)
The study of joints in terrestrial arthropods can provide insights into the evolutionary optimization of contacting surfaces that slide without lubrication. This work reports on the structure of the joint betw...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2021 7:7 -
New Indomalayan Nebularmis species (Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae) provoke a discussion on its intrageneric diversity
Recent years have brought undeniable progress in tardigrade taxonomy, and speciose complexes were detected in a number of phylogenetic lineages. The family Echiniscidae is one such lineage; it is one of the mo...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2021 7:6 -
Digit ratio in the common toad Bufo bufo: the effects of reduced fingers and of age dependency
Despite the growing number of studies describing digit ratio patterns in tetrapods, knowledge concerning certain basic issues is still scarce. In lower vertebrates such as tailless amphibians (Anura), the numb...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2021 7:5 -
d-Tryptophan enhances the reproductive organ-specific expression of the amino acid transporter homolog Dr-SLC38A9 involved in the sexual induction of planarian Dugesia ryukyuensis
Many animals switch between asexual and sexual reproduction in nature. We previously established a system for the sexual induction of planarian Dugesia ryukyuensis by feeding asexual planarians with minced sexual...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2021 7:4 -
Developmental fates of shark head cavities reveal mesodermal contributions to tendon progenitor cells in extraocular muscles
Vertebrate extraocular muscles (EOMs) function in eye movements. The EOMs of modern jawed vertebrates consist primarily of four recti and two oblique muscles innervated by three cranial nerves. The development...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2021 7:3 -
Influence of Quaternary environmental changes on mole populations inferred from mitochondrial sequences and evolutionary rate estimation
Quaternary environmental changes fundamentally influenced the genetic diversity of temperate-zone terrestrial animals, including those in the Japanese Archipelago. The genetic diversity of present-day populati...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2021 7:2 -
Functional identification of an opsin kinase underlying inactivation of the pineal bistable opsin parapinopsin in zebrafish
In the pineal organ of zebrafish larvae, the bistable opsin parapinopsin alone generates color opponency between UV and visible light. Our previous study suggested that dark inactivation of the parapinopsin ph...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2021 7:1 -
Visualization of antennal lobe glomeruli activated by nonappetitive D-limonene and appetitive 1-octen-3-ol odors via two types of olfactory organs in the blowfly Phormia regina
Appetite or feeding motivation relies significantly on food odors. In the blowfly Phormia regina, feeding motivation for sucrose is decreased by the odor of d-limonene but increased by the odor of 1-octen-3-ol od...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2020 6:16 -
Management of flying insects on expressways through an academic-industrial collaboration: evaluation of the effect of light wavelengths and meteorological factors on insect attraction
Insect outbreaks often occur in the absence of natural enemies and in the presence of excess suitable host materials. Outbreaks of gypsy moths are especially problematic in remote areas located in high-latitud...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2020 6:15 -
New insights into the morphology and evolution of the ventral pharynx and jaws in Histriobdellidae (Eunicida, Annelida)
The jaw apparatus in several annelid families represents a powerful tool for systematic approaches and evolutionary investigations. Nevertheless, for several taxa, this character complex has scarcely been inve...
Citation: Zoological Letters 2020 6:14
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